WebSockets & Real-Time Communication

How is a WebSocket connection established in JavaScript?

const ws = new WebSocket('ws://example.com/socketserver');

ws.onopen = (event) => {
    console.log('Connection established');
};

ws.onerror = (error) => {
    console.error('WebSocket error:', error);
};

ws.onclose = (event) => {
    console.log('Connection closed:', event.code, event.reason);
};

Through AJAX requests
Using HTTP polling
With the WebSocket constructor and protocol upgrade
A WebSocket connection is established using the WebSocket constructor and an automatic protocol upgrade from HTTP to WebSocket (WS). The process involves: 1) Client initiates connection with 'ws://' or 'wss://' URL, 2) An HTTP handshake occurs with an 'Upgrade' header, 3) Server accepts the upgrade, 4) Connection is upgraded to WebSocket protocol. The code shows proper event handling for connection establishment, errors, and closure.
By creating a TCP connection directly

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