What modern string operation is being performed here?
const text = 'Hello World';
const bytes = new TextEncoder().encode(text);
This demonstrates UTF-8 encoding: 1) Converts string to UTF-8 byte array, 2) Uses modern TextEncoder API, 3) Essential for binary data handling, 4) Common in network operations, 5) Handles international characters, 6) Important for data transmission, 7) Part of modern web APIs, 8) Critical for cross-system compatibility.