Implementing Stacks & Queues

Why is tracking the 'top' index separately beneficial in this Stack implementation?

class Stack {
  constructor() {
    this.items = [];
    this.top = -1;
  }
  
  push(element) {
    this.top++;
    this.items[this.top] = element;
  }
  
  pop() {
    if (this.isEmpty()) return null;
    const element = this.items[this.top];
    delete this.items[this.top];
    this.top--;
    return element;
  }
}

It's required for array operations
It improves memory usage
It provides O(1) access to stack size
Tracking top index separately provides benefits: 1) Constant time O(1) access to stack size without array.length, 2) Quick empty check without examining array, 3) Prevents need to resize array unnecessarily, 4) Optimizes memory usage by maintaining clear stack boundary, 5) Simplifies push and pop operations, 6) Enables efficient capacity management, 7) Improves performance for large datasets, 8) Common optimization in stack implementations.
It's needed for push operations

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