Implementing Stacks & Queues

What problem does the modulo operation solve in the circular queue enqueue method?

class CircularQueue {
  constructor(size) {
    this.maxSize = size;
    this.items = new Array(size);
    this.front = -1;
    this.rear = -1;
  }
  
  enqueue(element) {
    if (this.isFull()) return false;
    if (this.isEmpty()) this.front = 0;
    this.rear = (this.rear + 1) % this.maxSize;
    this.items[this.rear] = element;
    return true;
  }
}

Prevents stack overflow
Enables queue resizing
Implements wraparound behavior
The modulo operation enables circular behavior by: 1) Wrapping rear pointer back to start when reaching array end, 2) Allows reuse of freed space at beginning of array, 3) Maintains fixed memory footprint, 4) Prevents out-of-bounds array access, 5) Enables efficient space utilization, 6) Creates circular buffer effect, 7) Essential for fixed-size queue implementation, 8) Common pattern in embedded systems and buffers.
Optimizes memory allocation

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